Phospho-ERα (S167) Polyclonal Antibody, 100µg, (ATB-P0105)

Description

Background:

This gene encodes an estrogen receptor, a ligand-activated transcription factor composed of several domains important for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activation of transcription. The protein localizes to the nucleus where it may form a homodimer or a heterodimer with estrogen receptor 2. Estrogen and its receptors are essential for sexual development and reproductive function, but also play a role in other tissues such as bone. Estrogen receptors are also involved in pathological processes including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and osteoporosis. Alternative promoter usage and alternative splicing result in dozens of transcript variants, but the full-length nature of many of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Isoform 3 is involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full length receptor. Essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3. Isoform 3 can bind to ERE and inhibit isoform 1.

Product datasheet:

Overview
Product Description	Phospho-ERα (S167) Polyclonal Antibody, 100µg, (ATB-P0105)
Image
Species Reactivities	Human
Immunogen	Synthesized peptide derived from human ERα around the phosphorylation site of S167.
Properties
Form	Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide.
Storage Instructions	-20°C/1 year
Clonality	Polyclonal

References:

1. Prognostic relevance of estrogen receptor-α Ser167 phosphorylation in stage II-III colon cancer patients. López-Calderero I, et al. Hum Pathol, 2014 Dec. PMID 25283475
2. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) promoter methylation status in tumor and serum DNA in Egyptian breast cancer patients. Hagrass HA, et al. Gene, 2014 Nov 15. PMID 25218234
3. ER-α variant ER-α36 mediates antiestrogen resistance in ER-positive breast cancer stem/progenitor cells. Deng H, et al. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2014 Oct. PMID 25158023
4. Relation between outcomes and expression of estrogen receptor-α phosphorylated at Ser(167) in endometrioid endometrial cancer. Kato E, et al. Cancer Sci, 2014 Oct. PMID 25154549
5. Estrogen receptor promoter methylation predicts survival in low-grade ovarian carcinoma patients. Kirn V, et al. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2014 Oct. PMID 24908329
6. Human oestrogen receptor cDNA: sequence, expression and homology to v-erb-A.
   Green S., Walter P., Kumar V., Krust A., Bornert J.-M., Argos P., Chambon P.
   Nature 320:134-139(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
7. Sequence and expression of human estrogen receptor complementary DNA.
   Greene G.L., Gilna P., Waterfield M., Baker A., Hort Y., Shine J.
   Science 231:1150-1154(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
8. A novel 80 kDa human estrogen receptor containing a duplication of exons 6 and 7.
   Pink J.J., Wu S.Q., Wolf D.M., Bilimoria M.M., Jordan V.C.
   Nucleic Acids Res. 24:962-969(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Mammary gland.
9. NIEHS SNPs program
   Submitted (SEP-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databasesCited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT SER-77.
10. The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.
    Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Bloecker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Koehrer K., Ottenwaelder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I.
    BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 4).