Phospho-GR (S203) Polyclonal Antibody, 100µg, (ATB-P0412)

Description

Background:

This gene encodes glucocorticoid receptor, which can function both as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements in the promoters of glucocorticoid responsive genes to activate their transcription, and as a regulator of other transcription factors. This receptor is typically found in the cytoplasm, but upon ligand binding, is transported into the nucleus. It is involved in inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation, and differentiation in target tissues. Mutations in this gene are associated with generalized glucocorticoid resistance. Alternative splicing of this gene results in transcript variants encoding either the same or different isoforms. Additional isoforms resulting from the use of alternate in-frame translation initiation sites have also been described, and shown to be functional, displaying diverse cytoplasm-to-nucleus trafficking patterns and distinct transcriptional activities (PMID:15866175). [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth. Involved in chromatin remodeling. May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic genes expression.

Product datasheet:

Overview
Product Description	Phospho-GR (S203) Polyclonal Antibody, 100µg, (ATB-P0412)
Image
Species Reactivities	Human,Mouse
Immunogen	Synthesized peptide derived from human GR around the phosphorylation site of S203.
Properties
Form	Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide.
Storage Instructions	-20°C/1 year
Clonality	Polyclonal

References:

1. Recent advances in the molecular mechanisms determining tissue sensitivity to glucocorticoids: novel mutations, circadian rhythm and ligand-induced repression of the human glucocorticoid receptor. Nicolaides NC, et al. BMC Endocr Disord, 2014 Aug 25. PMID 25155432 Free PMC Article
2. Role of the 5′-untranslated regions in post-transcriptional regulation of the human glucocorticoid receptor. Turner JD, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2014 Nov. PMID 25150144
3. Epigenetic modification of the glucocorticoid receptor gene is linked to traumatic memory and post-traumatic stress disorder risk in genocide survivors. Vukojevic V, et al. J Neurosci, 2014 Jul 30. PMID 25080589
4. Reduced glucocorticoid receptor expression predicts bladder tumor recurrence and progression. Ishiguro H, et al. Am J Clin Pathol, 2014 Aug. PMID 25015855 Free PMC Article
5. [No association of glucocorticoid receptor gene polymorphism (rs6190) with unipolar and bipolar disorder]. Nemec D, et al. Psychiatr Pol, 2013 Jul-Aug. PMID 24946471
6. Primary structure and expression of a functional human glucocorticoid receptor cDNA.
   Hollenberg S.M., Weinberger C., Ong E.S., Cerelli G., Oro A., Lebo R., Thompson E.B., Rosenfeld M.G., Evans R.M.
   Nature 318:635-641(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS ALPHA AND BETA). Tissue: Fibroblast.
7. The genomic structure of the human glucocorticoid receptor.
   Encio I.J., Detera-Wadleigh S.D.
   J. Biol. Chem. 266:7182-7188(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS ALPHA AND BETA).
8. Identification of rare DNA variants in mitochondrial disorders with improved array-based sequencing.
   Wang W., Shen P., Thiyagarajan S., Lin S., Palm C., Horvath R., Klopstock T., Cutler D., Pique L., Schrijver I., Davis R.W., Mindrinos M., Speed T.P., Scharfe C.
   Nucleic Acids Res. 39:44-58(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
9. A new transcript splice variant of the human glucocorticoid receptor: identification and tissue distribution of hGR Delta 313-338, an alternative exon 2 transactivation domain isoform.
   Turner J.D., Schote A.B., Keipes M., Muller C.P.
   Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1095:334-341(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 10).
10. Alternative splicing within the DNA binding domain creates a novel isoform of the human glucocorticoid receptor.
    Munroe D.G., Pang J., Taylor G.R., Lau C., Plante R.K., Zhou L.
    Submitted (SEP-1993) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databasesCited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM ALPHA-2). Tissue: Osteosarcoma.