Phospho-PAKβ (S154) Polyclonal Antibody, 100µg, (ATB-P0795)

Description

Background:

PAK proteins are critical effectors that link Rho GTPases to cytoskeleton reorganization and nuclear signaling. PAK proteins, a family of serine/threonine p21-activating kinases, serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins Cdc42 and RAC and have been implicated in a wide range of biological activities. The protein encoded by this gene forms an activated complex with GTP-bound RAS-like (P21), CDC2 and RAC1 proteins which then catalyzes a variety of targets. This protein may be necessary for dendritic development and for the rapid cytoskeletal reorganization in dendritic spines associated with synaptic plasticity. Defects in this gene are the cause of non-syndromic mental retardation X-linked type 30 (MRX30), also called X-linked mental retardation type 47 (MRX47). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, or cell cycle regulation. Plays a role in dendrite spine morphogenesis as well as synapse formation and plasticity. Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration. Additionally, phosphorylates TNNI3/troponin I to modulate calcium sensitivity and relaxation kinetics of thin myofilaments. May also be involved in early neuronal development.

Product datasheet:

Overview
Product Description	Phospho-PAKβ (S154) Polyclonal Antibody, 100µg, (ATB-P0795)
Image
Species Reactivities	Human,Mouse,Rat
Immunogen	Synthesized peptide derived from human PAKβ around the phosphorylation site of S154.
Properties
Form	Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% sodium azide.
Storage Instructions	-20°C/1 year
Clonality	Polyclonal

References:

1. PAK signalling in neuronal physiology. Kreis P, et al. Cell Signal, 2009 Mar. PMID 19036346
2. Sequence analysis of P21-activated kinase 3 (PAK3) in chronic schizophrenia with cognitive impairment. Morrow EM, et al. Schizophr Res, 2008 Dec. PMID 18805672 Free PMC Article
3. A novel splice mutation in PAK3 gene underlying mental retardation with neuropsychiatric features. Rejeb I, et al. Eur J Hum Genet, 2008 Nov. PMID 18523455
4. X-linked mild non-syndromic mental retardation with neuropsychiatric problems and the missense mutation A365E in PAK3. Gedeon AK, et al. Am J Med Genet A, 2003 Aug 1. PMID 12884430
5. Integrins regulate GTP-Rac localized effector interactions through dissociation of Rho-GDI. Del Pozo MA, et al. Nat Cell Biol, 2002 Mar. PMID 11862216
6. PAK3 mutation in nonsyndromic X-linked mental retardation.
   Allen K.M., Gleeson J.G., Bagrodia S., Partington M.W., Macmillan J.C., Cerione R.A., Mulley J.C., Walsh C.A.
   Nat. Genet. 20:25-30(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), INVOLVEMENT IN MRX30.
7. A novel gene expressed in the human adrenal gland.
   Jiang C., Gu J., Fu S., Ren S., Gu Y., Huang Q., Dong H., Yu Y., Fu G., Wang Y., Chen Z., Han Z.
   Submitted (MAY-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databasesCited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Adrenal gland.
8. Gene diversity patterns at 10 X-chromosomal loci in humans and chimpanzees.
   Kitano T., Schwarz C., Nickel B., Paeaebo S.
   Mol. Biol. Evol. 20:1281-1289(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
9. The four mammalian splice variants encoded by the p21-activated kinase 3 gene have different biological properties.
   Kreis P., Rousseau V., Thevenot E., Combeau G., Barnier J.V.
   J. Neurochem. 106:1184-1197(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 3 AND 4). Tissue: Brain.
10. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.
    Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S.
    , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.
    Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC]

    Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Brain.